Tuojiang River, a tributary of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. It is located in the central part of Sichuan Province, China. Also known as the Waijiang River or the Middle River, it originates from the southern foot of Jiuding Mountain in northwest Sichuan, and is located in Daheiwan, Broken Rock Head, Mianzhu City.

About 3000 years ago, an earthquake occurred in the Gumin River basin, causing landslides and landslides, forming a dammed lake. The dammed lake blocked the flow of the ancient Min River in the Guangguang Mountain Gorge, and the bottom of the mountain became a broken river.

As the water level of the dammed lake rises, the water overflows from the low watershed and flows southwest to the confluence of Wenchuan County and Zagunao River, forming the water system form of the upper reaches of the Minjiang River and the upper reaches of the Tuojiang River.

At the same time, this river change also caused the demise of the Sanxingdui civilization and the rise of the Jinsha civilization, causing a rare flood in the legendary ancient Shu Kingdom.

The Tuojiang River originates from Jiuding Mountain, which is 139 meters above sea level. The upper source is divided into three streams. East source: Mianyuan River is 0 kilometers long, Zhongyuan: Shiting River is 0 kilometers long, West source: Mao River is 0 kilometers long, it meets near Zhao Town, Jintang County, and becomes the main stream of Tuojiang River.

The Tuojiang River runs northwest-southeast, flows south to Zhao Town, Jintang County, and accepts the four upstream tributaries of the Tuojiang River, including Bihe, Qingbai River, Mao River and Shiting River, and passes through the Jintang Gorge of Longquan Mountain, passing through Jianyang City, Ziyang City, Zizhong County, Neijiang City, Zigong City, Fushun County, etc., to Luzhou City to join the Yangtze River.

- Upstream: From the birthplace to Wandeng Village, Mianzhu City. This section is located in the middle section of the uplift fold belt of Longmen Mountain, which is dominated by high mountains and valleys, with narrow river channels, turbulent water flows, and many waterfalls and dangerous shoals. The terrain is undulating, the mountains are high and the slopes are steep, the valleys are deep and narrow, and the river valleys are mostly V-shaped.

- Midstream: From Wandeng Village to Neijiang. It is located in the Sichuan subsidence fold belt, after entering the Chengdu Plain, through Jintang, Jianyang, Ziyang, Neijiang and other places, the river channel gradually widens, the terrain is flat, the soil is fertile, it is an important agricultural area in Sichuan Province, the irrigation system is developed, the tributaries are numerous, and the water system is vertical and horizontal.

- Downstream: From Neijiang to Luzhou Guanyizui. It is also located in the subsidence fold belt of Sichuan, with a wide river channel, gentle water flow, and superior shipping conditions, which is a logistics channel in southern Sichuan. The river basin is densely populated and industrially developed, and the salt industry in Zigong and the wine industry in Luzhou rely on the water transportation advantages of the Tuojiang River to develop.

The Tuojiang River system is developed, and there are Mianyuan River, Qingbai River and Bihe River in the upper reaches of the adjacent river basin, which constitute the characteristics of the Tuojiang River as an unclosed river basin. The middle and lower reaches of the tributaries and the main stream are symmetrically dendritic, and the main tributaries are Jiangxihe River, Qiuxi River, Zishui River, Mengxi River, Daqingliu River, Puxi River, Sexi River, etc.

- Shiting River: It originates from the cliff mountain of the Jiuding Mountain Range, the upper source is Yinchanggou, and the lower section is called Pingshui River. The length of the mountain river is 8 kilometers, the basin area is 0 square kilometers, the average specific ratio of the river channel is 0.0%, and the average annual flow is 0.0 cubic meters per second. After entering the plain, it was originally a branch overflow, and now it has become a first-class river, and it is the boundary river of Shifang and Mianzhu counties.

- Maojiang River: It originates from the Honglongchi under the peak of Mataizicheng in Jiuding Mountain at the junction of Peng County and Wenchuan County, and has a basin area of 5 square kilometers, an average riverbed ratio of 0%, and an average flow of 0.0 cubic meters per second for many years. After leaving the mountain, it was divided into nine tributaries at most in history, known as the "Nine Rivers of the Mao River".

- Bi River: Originating from the Puyang River in Dujiangyan City, flowing through Xindu, Qingbai River and other areas, and flowing into the Tuojiang River in Jintang Zhao Town, it is one of the important water sources of the Tuojiang River, and plays an important role in the irrigation and water supply in the eastern part of the Chengdu Plain.

- Jiangxian River: Formerly known as Jiangshui, it originates in the Longquan Mountains in Renshou County, Sichuan Province, flows into Jianyang City from the southwest, and joins the Tuojiang River in the north of Jianyang City. The main stream is 9.0 kilometers long, the basin area is 0.0 square kilometers, and the larger tributaries include Hailuo River and Chishui River.

- Qingxi River: The ancient name is Jinshui, a Jinxi River, originating from Zhongjiang Taipingyan, passing through Xinglong in Zhongjiang County, turning southwest, entering Jintang County, and joining the left bank of the Tuojiang River in Hongyan Temple, Huaikou Town. The area of the whole basin is 06 square kilometers, and the average flow for many years is 0.0 cubic meters per second.

- Sexi River: Also known as the Kaishui River, it originates in Bayan Mountain, Dazu District, Chongqing, flows eastward into Luzhou City, and finally joins the Tuojiang River. The total length is 3240 kilometers, the width of the river is 0 to 0 meters, the average specific drop is 0.0‰, and the total area of the basin is 0 square kilometers, which is the longest river in Lu County, and is called the "mother river" by the locals.

- Puxi River: Located in the upper reaches of the urban area of Ziliujing District, it is formed by the confluence of the Xushui River and the Weiyuan River at the mouth of the Shuanghe River. The area of the whole basin is about 5 square kilometers, and the average flow for many years is 0.0 cubic meters per second. Its tributaries, such as the Goldfish River and the Zhongxi River, also provide important water resources for production and life in the Zigong area.

The Tuojiang River basin belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate, with high temperature and rain in summer, mild and little rain in winter, dry spring and summer rain, no scorching heat and severe cold, the average temperature for many years is about 80 degrees Celsius, the rainfall is mostly concentrated in summer, and the rainfall in the flood season (0-0 months) accounts for about 0% of the annual rainfall.

The terrain slopes from northwest to southeast, and the whole basin is composed of three landform types: middle and low mountains, plains and hills. When the main stream passes through the hard rock section with an elevation of 1000-0 meters, it forms canyons such as Jintang Gorge, Moon Gorge, and Lime Gorge.

沱江天然落差大，水力资源丰富，平均年径流量为127亿立方米。受季风气候影响，河流水位季节变化明显，夏季为丰水期，冬季为枯水期。

The Tuojiang River basin is rich in animal and plant resources, and is the habitat of nationally protected animals such as giant pandas, otters, and snow leopards, with 97 species of fish. There are many kinds of plants, and the overall distribution includes three types of vegetation: coniferous forest, shrub and meadow.

The basin has developed industry and agriculture, and is one of the important economic zones in Sichuan Province. In terms of industry, it is mainly chemical, machinery, building materials, food, etc.; Agriculture is dominated by the cultivation of grain crops such as corn, wheat, and rice, and cash crops such as cotton, rapeseed, and citrus.

The Tuojiang River Basin is one of the important birthplaces of the ancient Shu civilization, and the Sanxingdui civilization ruins have been excavated. There are many literary works related to Tuojiang in history, such as Du Fu's "Fengguan Yan Zheng Gongting Shi Minshan Tuojiang Painting Ten Rhymes (Forget the Words)".

The Tuojiang River and its tributaries constitute a relatively convenient inland waterway shipping network, and historically, the Tuojiang River has flourished in water transportation, and is an important waterway channel connecting Chengdu and Chongqing, and has played a key role in the transportation of bulk commodities such as salt and sugar. Although the status of water transport has declined, it still bears a certain freight and passenger transport function in some regions.

The Tuojiang River basin has rich tourism resources, such as Sanxingdui Ruins, Zigong Dinosaur Museum, Luzhou Laojiao Tourist Area, etc., as well as folk activities such as dragon boat racing during the Dragon Boat Festival in Zigong, which have attracted a large number of tourists and promoted the development of local tourism and related service industries.

The Tuojiang River Basin is one of the most concentrated and densely populated areas in Sichuan Province, carrying 22% of the province's population, providing water resources and convenient transportation conditions for the development of the city, promoting the rise and prosperity of the city, and driving the development of commerce, service industry and other industries.