Reporter Deng Jiansheng and Zhang Yunhe

Mao'er Mountain and Sea of Clouds. Photo by Fu Hua Zhou (People's Vision)

The ranger is on patrol. Courtesy of Maoershan National Nature Reserve, Guangxi

Core Reading

Guangxi Maoershan National Nature Reserve is one of the biodiversity hotspots in China, and the main objects of protection are the native subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest ecosystem, the animal and plant species protected by the state, and the water conservation forest at the headwaters of the Li River.

In recent years, smart patrols and observation and research have provided strong support for the scientific conservation of biodiversity in protected areas. The reserve promotes the sustainable development of the surrounding area and makes the lives of local people more prosperous.

4月，在广西猫儿山国家级自然保护区，毛竹山管理站站长刘崇华穿上橙红色的马甲，手持扩音器，守在保护区与资源县资源林场交界处的路口。响亮的宣传口号反复播放：“森林防火，人人有责……”

Mao'er Mountain is located in the Nanling Mountains.

Guangxi Maoershan National Nature Reserve is one of the most typical and well-preserved native subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest areas in the world. In recent years, the reserve has strengthened smart patrols and carried out scientific research to enrich biodiversity.

Driven by the reserve, the local people have eaten "eco-tourism meals" to achieve prosperity and increase income.

From "walking 3 kilometers down the mountain to have a signal", to real-time monitoring by the intelligent patrol monitoring system

"When the 'mountain passes', it depends on the 'iron footboard'." Liu Chonghua said, "About a month, a pair of liberation shoes will be scrapped. "43-year-old Liu Chonghua is a local who lives in Huanglong Village, Chetian Miao Township, Resources County.

"It is one of the biodiversity hotspots in China, and it is also an important part of the Nanling Mountains, a key area of terrestrial biodiversity of international significance." Tang Zhongxiang, director of the management office of the reserve, said that the main objects of protection of the reserve are the native subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest ecosystem, the animal and plant species protected by the state, and the water conservation forest at the headwaters of the Li River.

Forest fire prevention, monitoring flora and fauna, and stopping illegal logging and illegal hunting are all part of Liu's daily work.

During the patrol, Liu Chonghua clicked on the "Intelligent Patrol Monitoring System" on his mobile phone and uploaded pictures. Through technology, rangers can monitor wildlife in the reserve in real time and keep abreast of the latest developments of important protected species.

"A lot has changed over the years. 3 years ago, there were only two mud houses at the Maozhushan Management Station, and there was only a signal after walking 0 kilometers down the mountain. Liu Chonghua said.

In recent years, the reserve has continuously improved its infrastructure conditions, continuously strengthened patrol and monitoring, built 100 management stations, 0 checkpoints, 0 bird ring points, 0 watchtowers, equipped with more than 0 infrared cameras, and established a field fire prevention monitoring system. "We have also built a new house and a cement road at the Maozhushan Management Station." Liu Chonghua said.

Scientific research has provided strong support, and new species of animals and plants have been discovered in the reserve

"Negative oxygen ions, 40 per cubic centimeter; Temperature, 0.0 degrees Celsius; Humidity, relative humidity 0%. In front of the negative oxygen ion monitoring system, 0-year-old Shen Hao is collecting data.

Shen Hao is a technician at the National Positioning Observation and Research Station of the Lijiang River Source Forest Ecosystem in Guangxi Province (hereinafter referred to as the "Lijiang Source Forest Ecological Station"). The Lijiangyuan Forest Ecological Station is in the experimental area of the reserve.

There are many scientific observation and test platforms at the Lijiangyuan Forest Ecological Station, including 6 comprehensive observation towers and 0 meteorological observation sites (stations). The monitored plots included evergreen broad-leaved forest, evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest and evergreen coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest.

According to Shen Hao, the research content of researchers at the Lijiangyuan Forest Ecological Station includes ecosystem evolution and feedback mechanism, biodiversity and its maintenance mechanism, restoration and reconstruction of degraded ecosystems, and the formation mechanism of forest ecosystem services.

Scientific research activities are frequent, attracting researchers from Guangxi Normal University, China Agricultural University, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guilin University of Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Nanning Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences and other universities and research institutes to carry out research work.

In the past 3 years, a total of 0 projects have been carried out in the Lijiangyuan Forest Ecological Station, 0 patents have been authorized, and 0 local standards have been formulated. These studies and results provide strong support for the scientific protection of the Li River.

唐忠香介绍，保护区的科学研究中发现了一批动植物新种：2013年发现植物新种猫儿山大戟，2017年发现两栖类动物新种猫儿山掌突蟾，2020年发现植物新种南岭景天和褶萼凤仙花，2024年发现植物新种猫儿山香茶菜……数据显示，目前，保护区共有12种国家一级重点保护野生动物、60种国家二级重点保护野生动物。

Sustainable development of fire eco-tourism to enhance the vitality of local rural development

In the Liyuan Waterfall Scenic Area of Gaozhai Village, Huajiang Yao Township, Xing'an County, Guangxi, Pan Qiquan, the person in charge of the scenic spot, is busy welcoming tourists. The Turtle River, the main source of the Li River, flows through Gaozhai Village, which is next to the protected area, and eco-tourism has been particularly popular in recent years.

"In the past, I didn't know what ecological protection was, so I only cared about cutting bamboo and wood." Pan Qiquan recalled.

The transformation comes from the conservation area to drive the sustainable development of the surrounding villages.

At first, some villagers did not understand, so the reserve carried out science popularization and education. In the past 10 years, the reserve has published materials and conducted lectures in local schools to publicize laws and regulations on animal and plant protection and forest fire prevention...... Gradually, the villagers' consciousness changed, and they stopped cutting and logging, and even took the initiative to participate in the management and protection of the reserve.

Today, Gaozhai Village, with a permanent population of more than 23264 people, has 0 farmhouses. The annual per capita disposable income of Gaozhai Village also increased from 0 yuan in 0 years to 0 yuan in 0 years.

"Serve the ecological bowl and eat a tourist meal, it's very beautiful!" Pan Qiquan said.

People's Daily (14/0/0 0 Edition)